由数据库数据生成XML的方法（有源码）

procedure DatasetToXML(Dataset: TDataset; FileName: string);

unit DS2XML;

interface

uses
Classes, DB;

procedure DatasetToXML(Dataset: TDataset; FileName: string);

implementation

uses
SysUtils;

var
SourceBuffer: PChar;

procedure WriteString(Stream: TFileStream; s: string);
begin
StrPCopy(SourceBuffer, s);
Stream.Write(SourceBuffer[0], StrLen(SourceBuffer));
end;

procedure WriteFileBegin(Stream: TFileStream; Dataset: TDataset);

function XMLFieldType(fld: TField): string;
begin
case fld.DataType of
ftString: Result := ''"string" WIDTH="'' + IntToStr(fld.Size) + ''"'';
ftSmallint: Result := ''"i4"''; //??
ftInteger: Result := ''"i4"'';
ftWord: Result := ''"i4"''; //??
ftBoolean: Result := ''"boolean"'';
ftAutoInc: Result := ''"i4" SUBTYPE="Autoinc"'';
ftFloat: Result := ''"r8"'';
ftCurrency: Result := ''"r8" SUBTYPE="Money"'';
ftBCD: Result := ''"r8"''; //??
ftDate: Result := ''"date"'';
ftTime: Result := ''"time"''; //??
ftDateTime: Result := ''"datetime"'';
else
end;
if fld.Required then
Result := Result + '' required="true"'';
if fld.Readonly then
Result := Result + '' readonly="true"'';
end;

var
i: Integer;
begin
WriteString(Stream, '' '' +
'''');
WriteString(Stream, '''');

{write th metadata}
with Dataset do
for i := 0 to FieldCount-1 do
begin
WriteString(Stream, '''');
end;
WriteString(Stream, '''');
WriteString(Stream, '''');
WriteString(Stream, '''');
end;

procedure WriteFileEnd(Stream: TFileStream);
begin
WriteString(Stream, '''');
end;

procedure WriteRowStart(Stream: TFileStream; IsAddedTitle: Boolean);
begin
if not IsAddedTitle then
WriteString(Stream, ''end;

procedure WriteRowEnd(Stream: TFileStream; IsAddedTitle: Boolean);
begin
if not IsAddedTitle then
WriteString(Stream, ''/>'');
end;

procedure WriteData(Stream: TFileStream; fld: TField; AString: ShortString);
begin
if Assigned(fld) and (AString <> '''') then
WriteString(Stream, '' '' + fld.FieldName + ''="'' + AString + ''"'');
end;

function GetFieldStr(Field: TField): string;

function GetDig(i, j: Word): string;
begin
Result := IntToStr(i);
while (Length(Result) < j) do
Result := ''0'' + Result;
end;

var Hour, Min, Sec, MSec: Word;
begin
case Field.DataType of
ftBoolean: Result := UpperCase(Field.AsString);
ftDate: Result := FormatDateTime(''yyyymmdd'', Field.AsDateTime);
ftTime: Result := FormatDateTime(''hhnnss'', Field.AsDateTime);
ftDateTime: begin
Result := FormatDateTime(''yyyymmdd'', Field.AsDateTime);
DecodeTime(Field.AsDateTime, Hour, Min, Sec, MSec);
if (Hour <> 0) or (Min <> 0) or (Sec <> 0) or (MSec <> 0) then
Result := Result + ''T'' + GetDig(Hour, 2) + '':'' + GetDig(Min, 2) + '':'' + GetDig(Sec, 2) + GetDig(MSec, 3);
end;
else
Result := Field.AsString;
end;
end;

procedure DatasetToXML(Dataset: TDataset; FileName: string);
var
Stream: TFileStream;
bkmark: TBookmark;
i: Integer;
begin
Stream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmCreate);
SourceBuffer := StrAlloc(1024);
WriteFileBegin(Stream, Dataset);

with DataSet do
begin
DisableControls;
bkmark := GetBookmark;
First;

{write a title row}
WriteRowStart(Stream, True);
for i := 0 to FieldCount-1 do
WriteData(Stream, nil, Fields[i].DisplayLabel);
{write the end of row}
WriteRowEnd(Stream, True);

while (not EOF) do
begin
WriteRowStart(Stream, False);
for i := 0 to FieldCount-1 do
WriteData(Stream, Fields[i], GetFieldStr(Fields[i]));
{write the end of row}
WriteRowEnd(Stream, False);

Next;
end;

GotoBookmark(bkmark);
EnableControls;
end;

WriteFileEnd(Stream);
Stream.Free;
StrDispose(SourceBuffer);
end;

end.

生成XML文件。
我使用下面的转换方法:
I . XML文件的根名与表名相同(本例就是country)。
II. 每条来自于表的记录由<record></record>标记区分。
III. 每个来自于表的数据由其字段名标记加以区分。

- <country>
- <Records>
<Name>Argentina</Name>
<Capital>Buenos Aires</Capital>
<Continent>South America</Continent>
<Area>2777815</Area>
<Population>32300003</Population>
</Records>
.
.
.
</country>

建立一个新的应用程序。放置一个Button和Table构件于主窗体上。设置表属性如下:
DatabaseName : DBDEMOS
Name : Table1
TableName : country (Remove the extention ".db")
Active : True

选择 Project/Import Type library。将会弹出 "Import Type Library" 对话框。从列表中选择 "Microsoft XML,Version
2.0(version 2.0)" 然后点击 "Create Unit" 按钮。将会有一个 MSXML_TLB 单元加入你的工程.请将 MSXML_TLB 加入你要引用的单元的接口部分。然后在变量部分声明如下变量:
DataList : TStringlist;
doc : IXMLDOMDocument;
root,child,child1 : IXMLDomElement;
text1,text2 : IXMLDOMText;
nlist : IXMLDOMNodelist;
dataRecord : String;

添加makeXml函数到你的单元。它将通过读取DBDEMOS中contry表中的数据生成一个XML文件。
function TForm1.makeXml(table:TTable):Integer;
var
i : Integer;
xml,temp : String;
begin
try
table.close;
table.open;
xml := table.TableName;
doc := CreateOleObject(''Microsoft.XMLDOM'') as IXMLDomDocument;
//Set the root name of the xml file as that of the table name.
//In this case "country"
root := doc.createElement(xml);
doc.appendchild(root);
//This while loop will go through the entaire table to generate the xml file
while not table.eof do
begin
//adds the first level children , Records
child:= doc.createElement(''Records'');
root.appendchild(child);
for i:=0 to table.FieldCount-1 do
begin
//adds second level children
child1:=doc.createElement(table.Fields[i].FieldName);
child.appendchild(child1);
//Check field types
case TFieldType(Ord(table.Fields[i].DataType)) of
ftString:
begin
if Table.Fields[i].AsString ='''' then
temp :=''null'' //Put a default string
else
temp := table.Fields[i].AsString;
end;

ftInteger, ftWord, ftSmallint:
begin
if Table.Fields[i].AsInteger > 0 then
temp := IntToStr(table.Fields[i].AsInteger)
else
temp := ''0'';
end;
ftFloat, ftCurrency, ftBCD:
begin
if table.Fields[i].AsFloat > 0 then
temp := FloatToStr(table.Fields[i].AsFloat)
else
temp := ''0'';
end;
ftBoolean:
begin
if table.Fields[i].Value then
temp:= ''True''
else
temp:= ''False'';
end;
ftDate:
begin
if (not table.Fields[i].IsNull) or
(Length(Trim(table.Fields[i].AsString)) > 0) then
temp := FormatDateTime(''MM/DD/YYYY'',
table.Fields[i].AsDateTime)
else
temp:= ''01/01/2000''; //put a valid default date
end;
ftDateTime:
begin
if (not table.Fields[i].IsNull) or
(Length(Trim(table.Fields[i].AsString)) > 0) then
temp := FormatDateTime(''MM/DD/YYYY hh:nn:ss'',
Table.Fields[i].AsDateTime)
else
temp := ''01/01/2000 00:00:00''; //Put a valid default date and time
end;
ftTime:
begin
if (not table.Fields[i].IsNull) or
(Length(Trim(table.Fields[i].AsString)) > 0) then
temp := FormatDateTime(''hh:nn:ss'',
table.Fields[i].AsDateTime)
else
temp := ''00:00:00''; //Put a valid default time
end;
end;
//
child1.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(temp));
end;
table.Next;
end;
doc.save(xml+''.xml'');
memo1.lines.Append(doc.xml);
Result:=1;
except
on e:Exception do
Result:=-1;
end;
end;

在Button1的onclick事件中调用上面的函数
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
if makeXml(table1)=1 then
showmessage(''XML Generated'')
else
showmessage(''Error while generating XML File'');
end;

如果你用IE 5.0(或以上版本)打开生成的country.xml文件,它看起来会成下面的样子
- <country>
- <Records>
<Name>Argentina</Name>
<Capital>Buenos Aires</Capital>
<Continent>South America</Continent>
<Area>2777815</Area>
<Population>32300003</Population>
</Records>
- <Records>
<Name>Bolivia</Name>
<Capital>La Paz</Capital>
<Continent>South America</Continent>
<Area>1098575</Area>
<Population>7300000</Population>
</Records>
.
.
.
- <Records>
<Name>Venezuela</Name>
<Capital>Caracas</Capital>
<Continent>South America</Continent>
<Area>912047</Area>
<Population>19700000</Population>
</Records>
</country>

插入数据

你已经将country表中存在的数据生成了XML文件。因此在这个XML文件中的数据就与country表中是一样的。如果你想将XML文件中的数据插入进country表中又不想删除原来存在的数据的话,将会有主键冲突的错误出现。因此必须先将country表中已经存在的数据删除掉。
添加另一个按钮和一个memo构件于主窗体。在button2的onclick事件中添加如下代码.memo用来显示数据插入中的状态(成功/失败)。
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i,ret_val,count:Integer;
strData:String;
begin
//Before inserting data in to the country table,make sure that the data in
//the generated xml file(country.xml) and country table(DBDEMOS) are
//different.
try
count:=1;
DataList:=TStringList.Create;
memo1.Clear;
doc := CreateOleObject(''Microsoft.XMLDOM'') as IXMLDomDocument;
//Load country.xml file
doc.load(''country.xml'');
nlist:=doc.getElementsByTagName(''Records'');
memo1.lines.append(''Table Name :country'');
memo1.lines.append(''---------------------'');
for i:=0 to nlist.Get_length-1 do
begin
travelChildren(nlist.Get_item(i).Get_childNodes);
//Removes the first character(,) from dataRecord
strData:=copy(dataRecord,2,length(dataRecord));
memo1.lines.append(strData);
dataRecord:='''';
ret_val:=insertintotable(Datalist);
if ret_val=1 then
memo1.lines.append(''Data inserted successfully.............!'')
else if ret_val=-1 then
memo1.lines.append(''Error while updating.....Try again.....!'');
memo1.lines.append(''=============================================''
+''==(Record no. :''+inttostr(count)+'')'');
DataList.Clear;
count:=count+1;
end;
except
on e:Exception do
Showmessage(e.message);
end;
end;

nlist(refer above program) contains a list of nodes.In our case the first node list is...

<Records>
<Name>Argentina</Name>
<Capital>Buenos Aires</Capital>
<Continent>South America</Continent>
<Area>2777815</Area>
<Population>32300003</Population>
</Records>


我们传送此节点列表给一个递归函数,travelchildren。它将递归地沿着节点列表查找文本数据,并将此数据加入TStringList(Datalist)变量中。当完成第一轮后,Datalist中将会包含字符串 Argentina,Buenos Aires,South America,2777815,32300003.最后我们将此stringlist传送给函数 insertintotable,它将完成将一条记录插入 country 表的工作。重复此过程即可完成整个XML文件数据的插入工作。
procedure TForm1.travelChildren(nlist1:IXMLDOMNodeList);
var
j:Integer;
temp:String;
begin
for j:=0 to nlist1.Get_length-1 do
begin
//node type 1 means an entity and node type 5 means EntityRef
if((nlist1.Get_item(j).Get_nodeType= 1) or (nlist1.Get_item(j).Get_nodeType=5)) then
travelChildren(nlist1.Get_item(j).Get_childNodes)
//node Type 3 means a text node,ie you find the data
else if(nlist1.Get_item(j).Get_nodeType=3) then
begin
temp:= trim(nlist1.Get_item(j).Get_nodeValue);
dataRecord:=dataRecord+'',''+temp; //this is for displaying a single record on the memo
DataList.Add(temp); //Datalist will contain one record after completing one full travel through the node list
end
end;
end;

function TForm1.insertintotable(stpt:TStringList):Integer;
var
i:Integer;
begin
table1.close;
table1.open;
table1.Insert;
for i := 0 to stpt.Count - 1 do
begin
table1.Fields[i].AsVariant:= stpt[i];
end;
try
table1.post;
result:=1;
except
on E:Exception do
result:=-1;
end;
end;

结论:
你可以将此程序推广至任何数据库,由此数据可以通过XML文件在网络(即使是internet)中传输并在其实终端上更新数据库。我在生成XML文件中还未考虑特殊字符如 &,<,>,'',''''等等。你可以在生成带这些字符的XML文件时作适合自己需要的改变